第 4 章：公司网站¶

# Windows
$ cd onedrive\desktop\code
$ mkdir company
$ cd company
$ python -m venv .venv
$ .venv\Scripts\Activate.ps1
(.venv) $

# macOS
$ cd ~/desktop/code
$ mkdir company
$ cd company
$ python3 -m venv .venv
$ source .venv/bin/activate
(.venv) $

(.venv) $ python -m pip install django~=5.0.0
(.venv) $ python -m pip install black
(.venv) $ django-admin startproject django_project .
(.venv) $ python manage.py startapp pages

# django_project/settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    "django.contrib.admin",
    "django.contrib.auth",
    "django.contrib.contenttypes",
    "django.contrib.sessions",
    "django.contrib.messages",
    "django.contrib.staticfiles",
    "pages",  # new
]

(.venv) $ python manage.py migrate
(.venv) $ python manage.py runserver

(.venv) $ mkdir templates

# django_project/settings.py
TEMPLATES = [
    {
        ...
        "DIRS": [BASE_DIR / "templates"],  # new
        ...
    },
]

<!-- templates/home.html -->
<h1>Company Homepage</h1>

# pages/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render

def home_page_view(request):  # new
    return render(request, "home.html")

# django_project/urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include  # new

urlpatterns = [
    path("admin/", admin.site.urls),
    path("", include("pages.urls")),  # new
]

# pages/urls.py
from django.urls import path
from .views import home_page_view

urlpatterns = [
    path("", home_page_view),
]

(.venv) $ python manage.py runserver

# pages/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render

def home_page_view(request):
    context = {  # new
        "inventory_list": ["Widget 1", "Widget 2", "Widget 3"],
        "greeting": "THAnk you FOR visitING.",
    }
    return render(request, "home.html", context)

<!-- templates/home.html -->
<h1>Company Homepage</h1>
<p>The current date and time is: {% now "DATETIME_FORMAT" %}</p>
<p>There are {{ inventory_list|length }} items of inventory.
<ul>
{% for item in inventory_list %}
<li>{{ item }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
<p>{{ greeting| title }}</p>
{% comment %}Add more content here!{% endcomment %}

# pages/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.views.generic import TemplateView  # new

def home_page_view(request):
    context = {
        "inventory_list": ["Widget 1", "Widget 2", "Widget 3"],
        "greeting": "THAnk you FOR visitING.",
    }
    return render(request, "home.html", context)

class AboutPageView(TemplateView):  # new
    template_name = "about.html"

# pages/urls.py
from django.urls import path
from .views import home_page_view, AboutPageView  # new

urlpatterns = [
    path("about/", AboutPageView.as_view()),  # new
    path("", home_page_view),
]

<!-- templates/about.html -->
<h1>Company About Page</h1>

# pages/views.py
...
class AboutPageView(TemplateView):
    template_name = "about.html"

    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):  # new
        context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
        context["contact_address"] = "123 Main Street"
        context["phone_number"] = "555-555-5555"
        return context
...

<!-- templates/about.html -->
<h1>Company About Page</h1>
<p>The company address is {{ contact_address }} and the phone number is
{{ phone_number }}.</p>

<!-- templates/base.html -->
<header>
<a href="/">Home</a> |
<a href="/about">About</a>
</header>
{% block content %}{% endblock %}

<!-- templates/home.html -->
{% extends "base.html" %}

{% block content %}
<h1>Company Homepage</h1>
<p>The current date and time is: {% now "DATETIME_FORMAT" %}</p>
<p>There are {{ inventory_list|length }} items of inventory.
<ul>
{% for item in inventory_list %}
<li>{{ item }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
<p>{{ greeting| title }}</p>
{% comment %}Add more content here!{% endcomment %}
{% endblock %}

<!-- templates/about.html -->
{% extends "base.html" %}

{% block content %}
<h1>Company About Page</h1>
<p>The company address is {{ contact_address }} and the phone number is
{{ phone_number }}.</p>
{% endblock %}

# pages/urls.py
from django.urls import path
from .views import home_page_view, AboutPageView

urlpatterns = [
    path("about/", AboutPageView.as_view(), name="about"),  # new
    path("", home_page_view, name="home"),  # new
]

<!-- templates/base.html -->
<header>
<a href="{% url 'home' %}">Home</a> |
<a href="{% url 'about' %}">About</a>
</header>
{% block content %}{% endblock %}

# pages/tests.py
from django.test import SimpleTestCase

class HomepageTests(SimpleTestCase):
    def test_url_exists_at_correct_location(self):
        response = self.client.get("/")
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

class AboutpageTests(SimpleTestCase):
    def test_url_exists_at_correct_location(self):
        response = self.client.get("/about/")
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

(.venv) $ python manage.py test
Found 2 test(s).
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
..
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.003s

OK

# pages/tests.py
from django.test import SimpleTestCase
from django.urls import reverse  # new

class HomepageTests(SimpleTestCase):
    def test_url_exists_at_correct_location(self):
        response = self.client.get("/")
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_url_available_by_name(self):  # new
        response = self.client.get(reverse("home"))
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

class AboutpageTests(SimpleTestCase):
    def test_url_exists_at_correct_location(self):
        response = self.client.get("/about/")
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_url_available_by_name(self):  # new
        response = self.client.get(reverse("about"))
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

(.venv) $ python manage.py test
Found 4 test(s).
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
..
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 4 tests in 0.005s

OK

# pages/tests.py
from django.test import SimpleTestCase
from django.urls import reverse

class HomepageTests(SimpleTestCase):
    def test_url_exists_at_correct_location(self):
        response = self.client.get("/")
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_url_available_by_name(self):
        response = self.client.get(reverse("home"))
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_template_name_correct(self):  # new
        response = self.client.get(reverse("home"))
        self.assertTemplateUsed(response, "home.html")

    def test_template_content(self):  # new
        response = self.client.get(reverse("home"))
        self.assertContains(response, "<h1>Company Homepage</h1>")

class AboutpageTests(SimpleTestCase):
    def test_url_exists_at_correct_location(self):
        response = self.client.get("/about/")
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_url_available_by_name(self):
        response = self.client.get(reverse("about"))
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

    def test_template_name_correct(self):  # new
        response = self.client.get(reverse("about"))
        self.assertTemplateUsed(response, "about.html")

    def test_template_content(self):  # new
        response = self.client.get(reverse("about"))
        self.assertContains(response, "<h1>Company About Page</h1>")

(.venv) $ python manage.py test
Found 8 test(s).
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
..
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 8 tests in 0.006s

OK

(.venv) $ git init
(.venv) $ git status

# .gitignore
.venv/
__pycache__/
db.sqlite3

(.venv) $ pip freeze > requirements.txt
(.venv) $ git status

(.venv) $ git status
(.venv) $ git add -A
(.venv) $ git commit -m "initial commit"

(.venv) $ git remote add origin https://github.com/wsvincent/company-website.git
(.venv) $ git branch -M main
(.venv) $ git push -u origin main